💾WORKING MEMORY
Working Memory
The brain's temporary "scratchpad" used to temporarily hold and manipulate information. It highly correlates with Fluid Intelligence (Gf) as a physiological processing infrastructure.
📖 Read Time: 6 minRead Details ➔
📚 Academic Dictionary
IQ Glossary
Explore key terminology in Intelligence Quotients (IQ), cognitive psychology, neuroscience, and statistics.
Each term features exhaustive breakdowns based on reliable clinical and mathematical psychometric models.
💡 Scope Categories: Cognitive Science / Psychometrics
Cognitive Science
🧩MENTAL ROTATION
Mental Rotation
The cognitive process of rotating 2D or 3D mental representations of objects in the virtual spatial canvas of the brain. The core of Visual Spatial Index (VSI).
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Psychometrics
📈FLYNN EFFECT
Flynn Effect
The psychometric phenomenon where raw average IQ scores of the global population have been rising continuously (about 3 points per decade) over the generations.
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Cognitive Science
🌊FLUID INTELLIGENCE
Fluid Intelligence (Gf)
The capacity to think logically and solve novel problems in unfamiliar situations, independent of acquired knowledge or cultural background. "Raw processing power."
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Cognitive Science
📚CRYSTALLIZED INTELLIGENCE
Crystallized Intelligence (Gc)
The cognitive capacity representing accumulated knowledge, vocabulary, professional skills, and strategic wisdom built up through lifelong education and social experience.
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Psychometrics
🧬GENERAL INTELLIGENCE
General Intelligence (g-factor)
The underlying core psychometric factor "g" that drives performance across all diverse cognitive tests, first discovered by Charles Spearman in 1904.
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Psychometrics
🏥WECHSLER ADULT INTELLIGENCE SCALE
WAIS-IV
The gold standard clinical intelligence scale used worldwide to measure FSIQ and identify cognitive strengths/weaknesses across four indices.
📖 Read Time: 7 minRead Details ➔
Cognitive Science
⚡PROCESSING SPEED
Processing Speed
The rate at which the brain can visually scan, organize, and perform simple, repetitive cognitive tasks. A key index (PSI) under WAIS-IV.
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Cognitive Science
🧠NEUROPLASTICITY
Neuroplasticity
The brain's lifelong ability to physically reorganize, grow, and strengthen neural networks in response to learning, exercise, and mental stimulation.
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Cognitive Profile
🌟GIFTED
Giftedness
An innate, advanced cognitive and psychological profile characterized by exceptional intellectual capacity (typically FSIQ > 130) and intense sensitivity.
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Cognitive Psychology
🎭DUNNING-KRUGER EFFECT
Dunning-Kruger Effect
A cognitive bias where unskilled individuals in a domain overestimate their competence, while highly skilled experts underestimate it.
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Cognitive Science
👁️METACOGNITION
Metacognition
The higher-order mental capacity to monitor, evaluate, and actively regulate one's own thinking processes. "Thinking about thinking."
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Psychometrics
📊STANDARD DEVIATION
Standard Deviation (SD15/SD24)
The statistical unit measuring the spread of IQ scores across standard bell curves. Crucial for converting SD15 and SD24 scales.
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Intelligence Theories
🧩MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES
Theory of Multiple Intelligences
Howard Gardner's landmark cognitive model asserting that human intellect is not a single g-factor, but comprises 8 independent dimensions.
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Psychometrics
📊INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT
IQ
Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is a psychometric deviation score mapped on a normal Gaussian distribution representing computational and analytical processing efficiency relative to one's peers.
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Psychology
❤️EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
EQ
Emotional Intelligence (EQ/EI) represents the capacity to accurately perceive, evaluate, express, and self-regulate emotions in oneself and others to guide thinking and social relations.
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Psychometrics
📊FULL SCALE IQ
FSIQ
Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) is the total standardized composite score derived from Wechsler cognitive batteries (like WAIS-IV), combining verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed.
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Sociology of Intelligence
🔑MENSA
Mensa
Founded in 1946, Mensa is the world's oldest and largest high-IQ society, restricting membership solely to those scoring in the top 2% of the population (FSIQ >= 131 under SD15 scale).
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Developmental Psychology
⚖️TWICE-EXCEPTIONAL
2E / Twice-Exceptional
A cognitive profile where an individual displays exceptional intellectual giftedness (typically FSIQ >= 130) alongside a specific processing bottleneck like ADHD, ASD, or dyslexia.
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Neuroscience
🛡️COGNITIVE RESERVE
Cognitive Reserve
The brain's resilience and capacity to dynamically recruit alternative functional synaptic networks to maintain high-level cognitive performance despite aging or physical brain damage.
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Clinical Psychology
📚VERBAL COMPREHENSION INDEX
VCI
One of the four core indices of Wechsler scale (WAIS-IV) measuring verbal conceptualization, abstract word reasoning, and database knowledge accumulated in long-term memory (Crystallized Gc).
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